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Darley Abbey
Click an
image for a large framed picture, but please
wait for all the pictures to load first
Within walking
distance of Derby City centre is the remarkable factory
village of Darley Abbey. Darley Abbey began in the 17th
century as an industrial hamlet. Walter Evans built a cotton
mill in 1783 which was extended in the early 19th century.
This
international recognition confirms the outstanding importance
of the area as the birthplace of the factory system where in
the 18th Century water power was successfully harnessed for
textile production.
Before all this
however in 1146 an Augustinian monastery was founded here, by
the second Earl of Derby, Robert Ferrers. This Abbey became
one of the most important in Derbyshire, then in 1538 began
the Dissolution of the Monasteries and the Abbey was almost
totally destroyed.
Factoids
The mills at
Darley Abbey are a world heritage site
Was once home to
a 1146 Augustinian monastery
It was the
birthplace of the water powered factory system for textile
production
Spinney Close
(off Church Lane) was known as The Gully
The Square was
known as Flat Square
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The Abbey pub on Darley Street
opened October 5th 1979, formally the bakehouse or brewery for the monastery, and has served
as cottages and shops in its time. It still has a spiral stone
staircase, beehive bread oven and apparently, some ghostly
visitations. Years ago Darley Street was just known as The
Street |
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Walter Evans
cotton mill which was built in 1783 and was extended in the
early 19th century. It is seen below left, photographed from
across the River Derwent, and below right is a rear view,
which clearly shows the different ages of the mill. |
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Long mill was
built between
1782 and 1789, In 1788 a fire destroyed the building and was
rebuilt in 1789 and the exposed wooden structural members
inside the mill were protected against fire by metal sheathing
this is probably the earliest surviving example of
fire-proofing in a textile mill. The other two mills joined to
this are the west and east mill built between
1819 and 1821. In 1819 more than £3,000 was spent on the east
mill and nearly £4,700 on the west mill. The building works
continued into 1821 when a new waterwheel was purchased during
the year at a cost of £1,750. The west mill is of particular
interest. It is an L-shaped extension projecting from the
middle five bays of the long mill. The whole of this mill
complex is a listed grade II building.
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The
grade II listed gatehouse above centre is an octagonal building which
stands at the entrance to the mill yard.
This gatehouse has for so long served as a
tollhouse that it has become wrongly known as the toll house.
Below are views
of the small wooden bridge leading to the Mills. |
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The settlement the Evans created in Darley Abbey has survived
almost completely intact. Many of the houses have been altered
externally and internally, for the most part superficially,
and the privies and pigsties have gone. But few significant
buildings other than the two Evans houses, Darley House and
Darley Hall, the Evans farm and the paper mill, have been
demolished. |
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Brick Row above, which was often referred to the Causeway or
Causey, consists of a row of fourteen, three-storey houses, an
interesting feature of the row is that some of the top storeys
are not part of the same house as those below. The Evans
needed flexibility in their housing provision and spreading
the attics of some houses across adjoining houses offered an
opportunity to provide additional space for larger families.
Allotments for each house were provided on the other side of
the road.
The house at the northern end of the row was adapted to give
it the appearance of a lodge for Darley House whose main drive
was opposite. The whole row is now a grade II listed
building
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Various buildings around the village, above are two views of a
cottage with an eye brow roof above the windows and below
right is the home of the British Legion, this is on Darley
Street just past the Abbey public house. The old stone
building on Abbey Lane which adjoins the shop and is shown
below left is one of the few buildings in the village that
remain from the Monastery estate and is very similar to the
Abbey pub, (which gets all the attention) but this building is
somewhat overlooked in the history of the village. Behind the
brick front of the shop is possibly another very old stone
building, the basement contained old ovens and was used as a
bakery in early part of the 20th century when Abbey Lane was
known locally as Shop Row or Shop Road. These buildings could
quite possibly have been the Gatehouse or a walled entrance to
the Monastery |
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The following extract is taken from Erica Perry's book 'Up
Darley' Down Darley'
In the 1970's No 9 Abbey Lane was restored.
The late Mr. Baskerville purchased and fully restored this
ancient village property that was originally Nos. 7-9 Abbey
Lane. He discovered many interesting features like an
ingle-nook fireplace that was revealed after the removal of a
Victorian range. Also, outside features of an arched doorway
and a 30-foot well. A plaque was placed on the street wall
that state '15th century' but it is thought that the
foundations actually dated from the 12th century. Mr.
Baskerville also beautifully restored the garden with plants,
herb beds and fruit trees. after his death in 1980's the
property was sold separately from the garden on which another
house was built.
This information
is further evidence of the importance of these two buildings |
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The two pictures
below show the school house which was built in 1826 this had
accommodation for the house master and mistress at each end.
There's a clock and plain wrought iron railings enclose a
small playground at either end. It was endowed by Walter Evans
who left £8,000 in his will to be invested for teaching the
poor children in the parish who were aged four to twelve “and
not more than 40 at a time”. The building is
now in use as offices and is a grade II listed building.
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No evidence
remains of ancillary buildings to house privies or pigsties,
though there is ample space for there to have been such
facilities. The care with which these blocks have been
designed is thought to be attributable to their high
visibility from the Evans residence. |
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Four Houses are
on the right, these were built of brick and slate in the
cluster house form and also are three storey. They were
completed in 1792, an early experiment with the cluster house
format, later to be adopted by William Strutt in Belper.
Unlike the Belper cluster houses they do not have private
gardens or pigsties, though they were provided with
“necessaries” (lavatories) in 1796. They each had an allotment
on land behind the houses on Mile Ash Lane. |
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An old barn on
the left but the roof is later than the brick construction,
and this building is opposite the Church Hall, on Abbey Yard not sure of
it's origins but maybe an old farm? |
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St Matthew’s Church was built by Walter Evans in 1818, and is
now a grade C listed building.
The crypt beneath the altar contains the remains of nine
members of the Evans family, together with those of Moses
Harvey, a junior partner in the cotton mill. The Churchyard
has ornate cast iron gates of impressive size; and many of the
slate headstones were provided by the Evans for their workers |
Do
you have any pictures that you would like to see on these pages?
If you
have, then please submit them using the the link above, and we will
credit you with the image
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